| Things Fall Apart | Chinua Achebe | 1958 | Nigeria | English |
| Fairy tales | Hans Christian Andersen | 1835–37 | Denmark | Danish |
| The Divine Comedy | Dante Alighieri | 1308–1321 | Italy | Italian |
| Epic of Gilgamesh | Unknown | 18th – 17th century BCE | Sumer and Akkadian Empire | Akkadian |
| Book of Job | Unknown | 6th – 4th century BCE | Achaemenid Empire | Hebrew |
| One Thousand and One Nights | Unknown | 700–1500 | India/Iran/Iraq/Egypt/Tajikistan | Persian |
| Njál's Saga | Unknown | 13th century | Iceland | Old Norse |
| Pride and Prejudice | Jane Austen | 1813 | United Kingdom | English |
| Le Père Goriot | Honoré de Balzac | 1835 | France | French |
| Molloy, Malone Dies, The Unnamable, a trilogy | Samuel Beckett | 1951–53 | Republic of Ireland | French, English |
| The Decameron | Giovanni Boccaccio | 1349–53 | Italy | Italian |
| Ficciones | Jorge Luis Borges | 1944–86 | Argentina | Spanish |
| Wuthering Heights | Emily Brontë | 1847 | United Kingdom | English |
| The Stranger | Albert Camus | 1942 | Algeria, French Empire | French |
| Poems | Paul Celan | 1952 | Romania, France | German |
| Journey to the End of the Night | Louis-Ferdinand Céline | 1932 | France | French |
| Don Quixote | Miguel de Cervantes | 1605 (part 1), 1615 (part 2) | Spain | Spanish |
| The Canterbury Tales | Geoffrey Chaucer | 14th century | England | English |
| Stories | Anton Chekhov | 1886 | Russia | Russian |
| Nostromo | Joseph Conrad | 1904 | United Kingdom | English |
| Great Expectations | Charles Dickens | 1861 | United Kingdom | English |
| Jacques the Fatalist | Denis Diderot | 1796 | France | French |
| Berlin Alexanderplatz | Alfred Döblin | 1929 | Germany | German |
| Crime and Punishment | Fyodor Dostoevsky | 1866 | Russia | Russian |
| The Idiot | Fyodor Dostoevsky | 1869 | Russia | Russian |
| The Possessed | Fyodor Dostoevsky | 1872 | Russia | Russian |
| The Brothers Karamazov | Fyodor Dostoevsky | 1880 | Russia | Russian |
| Middlemarch | George Eliot | 1871 | United Kingdom | English |
| Invisible Man | Ralph Ellison | 1952 | United States | English |
| Medea | Euripides | 431 BCE | Greece | Greek |
| Absalom, Absalom! | William Faulkner | 1936 | United States | English |
| The Sound and the Fury | William Faulkner | 1929 | United States | English |
| Madame Bovary | Gustave Flaubert | 1857 | France | French |
| Sentimental Education | Gustave Flaubert | 1869 | France | French |
| Gypsy Ballads | Federico García Lorca | 1928 | Spain | Spanish |
| One Hundred Years of Solitude | Gabriel García Márquez | 1967 | Colombia | Spanish |
| Love in the Time of Cholera | Gabriel García Márquez | 1985 | Colombia | Spanish |
| Faust | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe | 1832 | Saxe-Weimar | German |
| Dead Souls | Nikolai Gogol | 1842 | Russia | Russian |
| The Tin Drum | Günter Grass | 1959 | Germany | German |
| The Devil to Pay in the Backlands | João Guimarães Rosa | 1956 | Brazil | Portuguese |
| Hunger | Knut Hamsun | 1890 | Norway | Norwegian |
| The Old Man and the Sea | Ernest Hemingway | 1952 | United States | English |
| Iliad | Homer | 760–710 BCE | Greece | Greek |
| Odyssey | Homer | 8th century BCE | Greece | Greek |
| A Doll's House | Henrik Ibsen | 1879 | Norway | Norwegian |
| Ulysses | James Joyce | 1922 | Irish Free State | English |
| Stories | Franz Kafka | 1924 | Czechoslovakia | German |
| The Trial | Franz Kafka | 1925 | Czechoslovakia | German |
| The Castle | Franz Kafka | 1926 | Czechoslovakia | German |
| Shakuntala | Kālidāsa | 1st century BCE – 4th century CE | India | Sanskrit |
| The Sound of the Mountain | Yasunari Kawabata | 1954 | Japan | Japanese |
| Zorba the Greek | Nikos Kazantzakis | 1946 | Greece | Greek |
| Sons and Lovers | D. H. Lawrence | 1913 | United Kingdom | English |
| Independent People | Halldór Laxness | 1934–35 | Iceland | Icelandic |
| Poems | Giacomo Leopardi | 1818 | Italy | Italian |
| The Golden Notebook | Doris Lessing | 1962 | United Kingdom | English |
| Pippi Longstocking | Astrid Lindgren | 1945 | Sweden | Swedish |
| A Madman's Diary | Lu Xun | 1918 | China | Chinese |
| Children of Gebelawi | Naguib Mahfouz | 1959 | Egypt | Arabic |
| Buddenbrooks | Thomas Mann | 1901 | Germany | German |
| The Magic Mountain | Thomas Mann | 1924 | Germany | German |
| Moby-Dick | Herman Melville | 1851 | United States | English |
| Essays | Michel de Montaigne | 1595 | France | French |
| History | Elsa Morante | 1974 | Italy | Italian |
| Beloved | Toni Morrison | 1987 | United States | English |
| The Tale of Genji | Murasaki Shikibu | 11th century | Japan | Japanese |
| The Man Without Qualities | Robert Musil | 1930–32 | Austria | German |
| Lolita | Vladimir Nabokov | 1955 | Russia/United States | English |
| Nineteen Eighty-Four | George Orwell | 1949 | United Kingdom | English |
| Metamorphoses | Ovid | 1st century CE | Roman Empire | Classical Latin |
| The Book of Disquiet | Fernando Pessoa | 1928 | Portugal | Portuguese |
| Tales | Edgar Allan Poe | 19th century | United States | English |
| In Search of Lost Time | Marcel Proust | 1913–27 | France | French |
| Gargantua and Pantagruel | François Rabelais | 1532–34 | France | French |
| Pedro Páramo | Juan Rulfo | 1955 | Mexico | Spanish |
| Masnavi | Rumi | 1258–73 | Sultanate of Rum | Persian |
| Midnight's Children | Salman Rushdie | 1981 | United Kingdom, India | English |
| Bostan | Saadi | 1257 | Persia, Persian Empire | Persian |
| Season of Migration to the North | Tayeb Salih | 1966 | Sudan | Arabic |
| Blindness | José Saramago | 1995 | Portugal | Portuguese |
| Hamlet | William Shakespeare | 1603 | England | English |
| King Lear | William Shakespeare | 1608 | England | English |
| Othello | William Shakespeare | 1609 | England | English |
| Oedipus the King | Sophocles | 430 BCE | Greece | Greek |
| The Red and the Black | Stendhal | 1830 | France | French |
| Tristram Shandy | Laurence Sterne | 1760 | England | English |
| Confessions of Zeno | Italo Svevo | 1923 | Italy | Italian |
| Gulliver's Travels | Jonathan Swift | 1726 | Ireland | English |
| War and Peace | Leo Tolstoy | 1865–1869 | Russia | Russian |
| Anna Karenina | Leo Tolstoy | 1877 | Russia | Russian |
| The Death of Ivan Ilyich | Leo Tolstoy | 1886 | Russia | Russian |
| Adventures of Huckleberry Finn | Mark Twain | 1884 | United States | English |
| Ramayana | Valmiki | 5th century BCE - 4th century BCE | India | Sanskrit |
| Aeneid | Virgil | 29–19 BCE | Roman Empire | Classical Latin |
| Mahabharata | Vyasa | 9th century BCE – 5th century BCE | India | Sanskrit |
| Leaves of Grass | Walt Whitman | 1855 | United States | English |
| Mrs Dalloway | Virginia Woolf | 1925 | United Kingdom | English |
| To the Lighthouse | Virginia Woolf | 1927 | United Kingdom | English |
| Memoirs of Hadrian | Marguerite Yourcenar | 1951 | France | French |
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